Scorching Heat: "Be Cautious at a Perceived Temperature of 38°C"... Death Risk Increases by 1.16 Times, Heat-Related Illness Risk [Kok! Health]

Heatwave Follows the Monsoon: Heat Illness Prevention Needed
Extra Caution Required for Seniors and Those with Underlying Conditions

After the seasonal monsoon rains subside, a period of intense heat is expected to begin in earnest. From this weekend, daytime temperatures in most regions nationwide are forecast to exceed 30 degrees Celsius. Due to high humidity, the perceived heat may feel even more severe. As temperatures are expected to rise quickly right after the rain ends, there is a possibility that heatwave advisories will be expanded, making it especially important to take precautions to prevent heat-related illnesses.

On July 11, the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) conducted an in-depth analysis of the impact of heatwaves on health, revealing that the risk of death increases as the perceived temperature rises. In particular, when the perceived temperature reaches 38 degrees Celsius—the newly introduced “severe heatwave warning” level this year—the overall risk of death rises by 1.16 times, and the risk of death from cardiovascular disease increases by 1.14 times.

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The risk of heat-related illness progressing to hospitalization or death was found to be higher in certain groups. Older adults, individuals with physical or mental underlying conditions, those receiving basic livelihood security, foreigners in vulnerable socioeconomic situations, and people living alone all faced a higher risk of severe outcomes. Overall, men were at greater risk, but among those aged 65 and older, there was no significant difference between the sexes, indicating that both men and women need to be cautious.

Heat-related illnesses are acute conditions that occur when one is exposed to high temperatures for a prolonged period. Common symptoms include headache, dizziness, muscle cramps, extreme fatigue, and decreased consciousness. If these symptoms are left untreated, they can become life-threatening. In particular, heatstroke is a medical emergency in which body temperature exceeds 40 degrees Celsius and central nervous system dysfunction, such as impaired consciousness, occurs. Immediate treatment is required.

Based on this analysis, the KDCA developed and distributed eight heat-related illness prevention guidelines tailored for vulnerable groups. The target groups are seniors, people with disabilities, pregnant women, children, and among those with underlying conditions: those with cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease, kidney disease, diabetes, and high or low blood pressure. The common rules are “water, shade, and rest.” It is important to drink water frequently even before feeling thirsty; limit outdoor activities during hot periods; and take sufficient breaks in the shade when going out or working.

Seniors require extra careful management because their ability to regulate body temperature is reduced and chronic illnesses or medications can be affected by heat. It is advisable to keep indoor environments cool using air conditioning, ensure frequent ventilation, and, if there is no air conditioning or the home becomes hot during the day, use a nearby cooling center. Checking the location of the nearest cooling center in advance can also be helpful.

For individuals with underlying conditions, it is important to consult healthcare professionals about medication and hydration before and during a heatwave. If you have kidney disease or other conditions that restrict fluid intake, do not force yourself to drink excessive amounts of water; determine the appropriate amount in consultation with your doctor. Some medications, such as diuretics, anticholinergics, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), may affect body temperature regulation or increase the risk of dehydration in hot weather, so do not stop taking medication without consulting your doctor.

Older adults or people with disabilities who live alone should arrange in advance regular check-in times with family or neighbors to ensure their safety. If symptoms such as headache, cramps, dizziness, or extreme fatigue persist even after resting following heat exposure, seek medical attention or call emergency services (119).

It is also important not to underestimate the dangers of tropical nights. If body temperature does not drop sufficiently overnight, the risk of heat-related illness may increase the following day. Before going to bed, it is recommended to drink water but avoid alcohol and caffeine, and use air conditioning or fans to lower the indoor temperature. If you did not sleep well throughout the night, it is safer to reduce the intensity and duration of outdoor activities the next day.

This content was produced with the assistance of AI translation services.